JOMPAC
Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care

Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care (JOMPAC) is an open access scientific journal with independent, unbiased, and double-blind review under international guidelines. The purpose of JOMPAC is to contribute to the literature by publishing articles on health sciences and medicine.

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Original Article
Effects of smoking on the cardiopulmonary modulation during physical exercise in middle-aged non-obese healthy individuals
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall effects of smoking and its duration on various cardiopulmonary modulation mechanisms during physical exercise in middle-aged non-obese healthy individuals.
Methods: Two hundred forty-three (142 smokers and 101 non-smokers), middle-aged, non-obese, healthy individuals were evaluated in this study. Parameters of pulmonary function including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC ratio were evaluated using a spirometer and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) were measured by echocardiography on rest and during various levels of exercise. A treadmill exercise test was used to assess heart rate recovery index (HRRI), the chronotropic index (CI) and the maximum rate of oxygen consumption during exercise (VO2max).
Results: Resting sPAP values were higher and FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC values were lower among smokers. As compared to resting values; FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio in smokers decreased significantly at peak exercise level (2.66±0.54 vs 2.35±0.49, p<0.01 and 81.57±8.21 vs 75.11±8.12, p<0.01 respectively). The HRRI values of all 1st, 2nd and 3rd minutes were significantly lower in the smoker group. Similar results were observed with CI and VO2max values (0.67±0.21 vs 0.76±0.19, p<0.01 and 34.91±4.63 vs 38.47±3.24, p<0.01 respectively). In addition, all mentioned parameters were significantly correlated with smoking duration.
Conclusion: Smoking is associated with a variety of adverse effects that may eventually reduce the exercise capacity of healthy individuals. These effects can manifest at early stages, and their severity correlates significantly with smoking duration.

Keywords : Smoking, physical exercise, cardiopulmonary function, chronotropic incompetence

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Article available in :
Volume 4, Issue 5, 2023
Page : 406-411
https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1343788
Article Information
Received : 15 Ağu 2023
Accepted : 06 Eyl 2023
Published : 27 Eki 2023
Corresponding Author :

Ajar Koçak: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey

[email protected]
Citation : Kocak A, Yıldırım O, Coşgun A, Türkkanı MH. Effects of smoking on the cardiopulmonary modulation during physical exercise in middle-aged non-obese healthy individuals. J Med Palliat Care. 2023;4(5):406-411.

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